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Article History

Received: 24 May 2025

Accepted: 29 September 2025

First Online: 26 December 2025

Declarations

:

: No specific funding was received from any funding bodies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors to conduct the work described in this manuscript.

: Not applicable. This study does not involve human participants, human data, or human tissue.

: Not applicable. This study does not involve individual data.

: The authors (Kai-Yang Chen, Hoi-Chun Chan, and Chi-Ming Chan) declare that they have no competing interests.

: The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary materials.

: Not applicable.