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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Project for Young Innovative Scholars in Guangdong Universities (Philosophy and Social Sciences), Department of Education of Guangdong Province (2020WQNCX013)
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Article History
Accepted: 6 September 2024
First Online: 20 September 2024
Declarations
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: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee for Non-Clinical Faculties of the Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies (protocol number: CLAL-202212-001; date of approval: 3 December 2022). The survey was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all student participants. Additionally, while the head teacher and the grade director were not the legal guardians of the minors, their consent was sought as part of the school protocol, because the survey was distributed by the schools. This method of obtaining consent from the head teacher and grade director was approved by the ethics committee prior to commencing the study.
