Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (12171021)
Article History
Received: 20 December 2024
Revised: 23 April 2025
Accepted: 10 July 2025
First Online: 13 September 2025
Conflict of Interest
: Yong Xia is an editorial board member for Journal of the Operations Research Society of China and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. All authors declare that there are no competing interests.