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Authors
Saadat, Seyyed Amirhossein
Keighobadi, Javad
Alfi, Alireza
Abedi Pahnehkolaei, Seyyed Mehdi
Vahedi, Hani
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Article History
Received: 7 May 2025
Revised: 8 September 2025
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 2 October 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no Conflict of interest.
: Ethical approval was not required for this study because it did not involve human or animal participants, primary data collection, or sensitive information. The research was conducted using publicly available data, theoretical analysis, and experimental procedures that did not require ethical oversight under institutional/national guidelines.
