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Article History

Accepted: 5 April 2023

First Online: 25 April 2023

Declarations

:

: BSF is an inventor on patents and/or patent applications related to human kidney organoid differentiation (these include “Three-dimensional differentiation of epiblast spheroids into kidney tubular organoids modeling human microphysiology, toxicology, and morphogenesis” [Japan, USA, and Australia], licensed to STEMCELL Technologies; “High-throughput automation of organoids for identifying therapeutic strategies” [PTC patent application pending]; “Systems and methods for characterizing pathophysiology” [PTC patent application pending]). BSF has ownership interest in Plurexa LLC. BD is a co-founder, shareholder, and board member at KidneyCure. None of the preceding interests affected in any way the results of the paper or would be affected by them, but they are shared by way of transparency.

: All reported studies/experiments with human or animal subjects performed by the authors have been previously published and complied with all applicable ethical standards (including the Helsinki declaration and its amendments, institutional/national research committee standards, and international/national/institutional guidelines).

: Not applicable. No identifying information is provided.