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Article History

Received: 1 August 2025

Accepted: 15 October 2025

First Online: 9 November 2025

Change Date: 18 November 2025

Change Type: Update

Change Details: In the figure legend for Fig. 1, the company for ‘Idylla™ EGFR Mutation Test’ has been corrected to ‘(Biocartis)’.

Declarations

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: Jorge J Nieva reports grants or contracts from Merck and Genentech; advisory roles with Aadi Bioscience, ANP Technologies, BioAtla, G1 Therapeutics, KaliVir Immunotherapeutics, MindMed, and Naveris; stock or stock options for Amgen, Johnson & Johnson, and Novartis; speaker fees from Genentech; writing engagements for AstraZeneca; and ownership interest in AffyImmune Therapeutics, and Cansera. Xuejun Wang reports no conflict of interest. Deborah Doroshow reports advisory board or committee participation with AstraZeneca, G1 Therapeutics, MJH Holdings, Sanofi, Sonata Therapeutics, Summit Therapeutics, and Takeda. Leslie Servidio is an employee of, and owns stock in, AstraZeneca. Miranda Cooper is an employee of, and owns stock in, AstraZeneca. Yan Kwan Lau is an employee of, and owns stock in, AstraZeneca. Pritesh S Karia is an employee of, and owns stock in, AstraZeneca. Jacqulyne Robichaux is an employee of, and owns stock/shares in, AstraZeneca; and is an inventor on patents held by the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center licensed to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of EGFR / HER2 exon 20 mutant cancers and an inventor on a patent held by the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center regarding EGFR mutation subtypes and methods of treatment (non-financial).

: This study was performed in accordance with Good Pharmacoepidemiology Practice guidelines, local laws/regulations, and applicable legislation and recommendations for non-interventional and/or observational studies. An Institutional Review Board approved the study protocol and all amendments (WCG® IRB; approval number 120180044). The Flatiron Health database utilized in the study adheres to a master research parent protocol, which details the general processes involved in data collection, management and oversight of the database, and regulatory compliance with US federal legal and ethical standards for patient privacy and data security. The database includes a waiver of informed consent.