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Authors
Taurino, Alessandro
Musso, Pasquale
Risoli, Teresa
Coppola, Gabrielle
Stifano, Christian
Cassibba, Rosalinda https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-3035
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro
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Article History
Received: 7 June 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 10 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI; model: GPT-4.1; access: ChatGPT web app) in June and October 2025 for language editing (grammar, wording, clarity) and limited drafting assistance (suggested rewording and minor re-ordering of sentences/paragraphs, plus a few short transition sentences) on author-drafted text. Generative AI was not used for data analysis, statistical modeling, figure/table generation, or literature verification. All content was critically reviewed and verified by the authors, who conducted plagiarism checks and take full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the manuscript. No confidential or personal data were provided to the tool, and no AI tool is listed as an author.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
