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Article History

Received: 10 August 2025

Accepted: 27 October 2025

First Online: 19 November 2025

Declarations

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: This study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine (2022-0349) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. An opt-out consent process, including consent for publication of anonymized data, was implemented through a public notice on the hospital website, and no patients declined participation. Although the study was not preregistered, it was conducted in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines for observational studies. The requirement for written informed consent was waived because this study was conducted retrospectively using anonymized medical records.

: MIk received speakers’ honoraria from Sumitomo Pharma, Eisai, Otsuka, Tanabe Mitsubishi, Mochida, Takeda, Meiji Seika Pharma, EA Pharma, Viatris, MSD, Janssen, Lundbeck, and Yoshitomi. NO received research support, speakers’ honoraria, and/or royalties from or has served as a joint researcher or consultant for Sumitomo Pharma, Otsuka, KAITEKI, Takeda, Ricoh, Meiji Seika Pharma, Taisho Pharma, Mochida, Shionogi, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Tsumura, EA Pharma, Eli Lilly, Daiichi Sankyo, MSD, Lundbeck Japan, Viatris, Eisai, Mochida, Kyowa Pharmaceutical Industry, Nihon Medi-Physics, Kyowa Kirin, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical, Nippon Chemiphar, Medical Review, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, Ono Pharmaceutical, Woolsey Pharmaceuticals, and SUSMED, outside the submitted work.