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Article History

Received: 23 January 2026

Accepted: 7 April 2026

First Online: 11 May 2026

Declarations

:

: In accordance with applicable Czech legislation and institutional policies governing retrospective analyses of anonymized clinical data at University Hospital Brno, studies based on fully anonymized data do not require formal Ethics Committee approval or individual informed consent. Accordingly, the present study did not require formal ethics approval or informed consent. The nutritional program was delivered as part of routine outpatient clinical care and was not implemented for research purposes or as a protocol-driven intervention. No prospective allocation, randomization, or investigator-directed intervention was performed, and all clinical decisions were made as part of standard patient care. The study is based exclusively on retrospectively collected data obtained during routine clinical management, and no additional procedures or interventions were introduced for research purposes. All data were anonymized prior to analysis. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: All authors consent to the publication of this manuscript. Individual patient consent for publication was not required, as only anonymized data were used.

: The authors declare no competing interests.