Lu, Chien-Chang
Lu, Chi-Tung
Chang, Kai-Yen
Chun-Li, Wang
Wu, Chien-Ying
Article History
Received: 3 June 2024
Accepted: 9 August 2024
First Online: 23 September 2024
Declarations
:
: This study complies with the data use agreement between NIS and the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). All data were obtained by request to the Online HCUP Central Distributor who manages the database. Because this study analyzed secondary data from the NIS database, patients and the public were not directly involved. The study protocol was submitted to the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of HCUP-339M32DWW, which waived IRB approval for the study. Since all data in the NIS database is de-identified and patients remain anonymous, the requirement for informed consent was also waived.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.