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Authors
Jiang, Jinglei
Lou, Huijuan
Yao, Yu
Dong, Chenxuan
Ji, Yuanyuan
Sun, Yahui
Gao, Wanning
Wang, Yufeng
Cong, Deyu
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Article History
Received: 28 October 2024
Accepted: 26 May 2025
First Online: 2 August 2025
Declarations
:
: CHARLS obtained its initial approval from the Institutional Review Board of Peking University in 2008 (IRB00001052-11,015), and the methods used in this study complied with the applicable norms and guidelines of CHARLS. All participants provided written informed consent before voluntarily joining CHARLS.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
