Kumar, Nikhil https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2614-2063
Ahmadian, Mehdi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1171-4896
Marquis, Brian
Funding for this research was provided by:
Federal Railroad Administration (693JJ622C000028)
Article History
Received: 13 August 2025
Revised: 16 December 2025
Accepted: 18 December 2025
First Online: 16 March 2026