Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42302331)
Qinghai Provincial Department of Science and Technology (2024-ZJ-973)
This article is maintained by: Elsevier
Article Title: Exploration of relative density in discrete element simulations: implications for strength and deformation characteristics
Journal Title: Computational Particle Mechanics
CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40571-025-01013-z
Content Type: article
Copyright: Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd