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Authors
Farber, Harrison W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0297-7902
Chakinala, Murali M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3782-341X
Hemnes, Anna R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2755-5845
Chin, Kelly M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-6723
Highland, Kristin B. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-0725
McLaughlin, Vallerie V. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8907-1651
Melendres-Groves, Lana D.
Cho, Michelle
Doad, Gurinderpal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3245-6235
Fatehi, Elham
Han, Michelle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9753-7768
Rahman, Mohammad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9971-4120
Strachan, Paul https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4267-1918
Tobore, Tobore https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7334-2915
Kim, Nick H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4702-650X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Johnson and Johnson
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Article History
Received: 9 February 2025
Revised: 16 July 2025
Accepted: 17 July 2025
First Online: 4 August 2025
Declarations
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: Institutional review board and/or ethical committee approval was granted at each participating site in accordance with local and national regulations/policies.
: All patients provided written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: Harrison W. Farber is a speaker for Bayer (non-branded) and a scientific advisory board member for Acceleron (Merck), Aerovate, Aerami, Johnson & Johnson, Roivant, and United Therapeutics. Murali M. Chakinala has received consulting fees, speaker fees, and/or grant monies from Johnson & Johnson, Gilead, United Therapeutics, Bayer, Medtronic, Novartis AG, Eiger, and Reata Pharmaceuticals. He has served on advisory committees for Johnson & Johnson, Gilead, Bayer, United Therapeutics, and Express Scripts. Anna R. Hemnes has received grants from the National Institutes of Health and Cardiovascular Medical Research and Education Fund. She has served as a consultant for Johnson & Johnson, Bayer, Complexa, United Therapeutics, and PH Precision Med, where she also owns equity interest. Kelly M. Chin has received fees for work on steering, advisory, or adjudication committees with Gossamer Bio, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, and United Therapeutics and her institution has received research support for clinical studies overseen by her from Altavant, Gossamer Bio, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, and United Therapeutics. Kristin B. Highland has received grants/contracts, served on a scientific advisory board or steering committee, and/or is on the speaker’s bureaus for Acceleron (Merck), Bayer Healthcare, Eiger Pharmaceuticals, Gossamer Bio, Johnson & Johnson, Reata Pharmaceuticals, and United Therapeutics. Vallerie McLaughlin is a consultant for Aerovate, Altavant Sciences, Bayer, CVS Caremark, CorVista Health, Gossamer Bio, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, and United Therapeutics; has received grants from Aerovate, Altavant Sciences, Merck, Gossamer Bio, Johnson & Johnson and SoniVie; and has received stocks from Clene. Lana D. Melendres-Groves reports receiving the following fees and support: United Therapeutics Corporation (research, consulting, advisory board), Johnson & Johnson (research, consulting), Gossamer Bio (research, consulting), Merck (research, consulting), Bayer (research, consulting). Michelle Cho, Gurinderpal Doad, Elham Fatehi, Michelle Han, Paul Strachan, and Tobore Tobore are employees of Johnson & Johnson. Nick H. Kim has received research support from Altavant, Bellerophon, Lung Biotechnology, and SoniVie; has served as a consultant for Johnson & Johnson, Arena, Bayer, Gossamer Bio, Merck, Pulnovo, and United Therapeutics; and has served on the speaker’s bureaus for Johnson & Johnson and Bayer.
