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Authors
Mahaffey, Carlos C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9770-3516
Jeremiah, Rohan D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3774-8816
O’Neil, Andrew M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-1074
Clement, Déjà N. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2230-5660
Cava, Isabel https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7683-2191
Ruiz, Fracisco R. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5110-8957
Hubach, Randolph D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9376-8075
Stevens-Watkins, Danelle https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3513-9056
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse (R25DA035692)
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Article History
Received: 25 February 2025
Revised: 4 September 2025
Accepted: 6 September 2025
First Online: 22 September 2025
Declarations
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: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of University of Kentucky (December 7, 2017/#42758) and Oklahoma State University (April 18, 2019/ED-19-42).
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
