Machado, Amanda Viana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-9466
Barreto, Sandhi Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-7811
Giatti, Luana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-2460
Griep, Rosane Harter https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6250-2036
Needham, Belinda L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5939-2027
Camelo, Lidyane V. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-7547
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministério da Saúde (01 06 0010.00, 01 06 0212.00, 01 06 0300.00, 01 06 0278.00, 01 06 0115.00 and 01 06 0071.00)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (001)
Article History
Received: 25 June 2025
Revised: 14 November 2025
Accepted: 19 November 2025
First Online: 5 December 2025
Declarations
:
: ELSA-Brasil research protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Research Ethics Committee of Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and also by the National Research Ethics Committee (CONEP).
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.