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Authors
Ajibewa, Tiwaloluwa A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-5975
Master, Lindsay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3672-5938
Mathew, Gina Marie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9658-7154
Reichenberger, David A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-9783
Buxton, Orfeu M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5057-633X
Chang, Anne-Marie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3943-416X
Hale, Lauren https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7530-2519
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD073352)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD36916)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD39135)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD40421)
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Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Revised: 4 December 2025
Accepted: 5 December 2025
First Online: 22 December 2025
Declarations
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: The Princeton University Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved the FFCWS study protocol, with primary caregivers providing informed consent and adolescents providing assent.
: Not applicable.
: Written informed consent was obtained from primary caregivers, and adolescents provided assent.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Outside of the current work, GMM, DAR, AMC, and LH received a small honorarium from the National Sleep Foundation for participation in a consensus panel. DAR was supported by the Cardiovascular Research and Translational Science Fellowship (T32-HL166128). OMB received subcontract grants to Penn State from Proactive Life Inc. (formerly Mobile Sleep Technologies, DBA SleepSpace; NSF/STTR#1622766, NIH/NIA SBIR R43-AG056250, R44-AG056250); in the last 3 years received honoraria/travel support for lectures from Tufts School of Dental Medicine, Spencer Study Club, University of Miami, University of South Florida, University of Utah, University of Arizona; consulting fees from Georgia State University and Harvard Chan School of Public Health; and receives an honorarium for his role as the Editor in Chief of the journal Sleep Health. AMC has received funding to the Pennsylvania State University from Kunasan, Inc. and honoraria/travel support from the University of Miami and the National Sleep Foundation.LH is on the scientific advisory board for Children and Screens, serves as an expert witness in social media litigation, and has also received consulting fees from Idorsia Pharmaceuticals and various other honoraria/travel support for lectures and consulting activities from various non-profit organizations (e.g., Children and Screens, National Sleep Foundation) and other organizations (e.g., Auburn University, Baylor University, UCLA, Columbia University, University of Miami, Harvard University, Prosek, HireZon).
