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Authors
Cintron, Dakota W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3869-8243
Golden, Monique N. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5503-2542
Boylan, Jennifer M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-1367
Boehm, Julia K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8360-9935
Yoneda, Tomiko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2906-1881
Wang, Hebi
Hines, Erik M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6025-0779
Moore, James L. III https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0254-8566
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Claremont Graduate University
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Article History
Received: 4 December 2025
Revised: 14 April 2026
Accepted: 26 May 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Declarations
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: All MIDUS study procedures were approved by the University of Wisconsin-Madison IRBs. This secondary analysis used de-identified, publicly available data and was exempt from additional review. Informed consent was obtained from all original MIDUS participants.
: This research uses de-identified archival data; no additional consent for publication was required.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
