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Authors
Gao, Xiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8455-6206
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of North Carolina at Greensboro
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Article History
Received: 28 October 2025
Revised: 6 May 2026
Accepted: 27 May 2026
First Online: 13 June 2026
Declarations
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: Because this study utilized publicly available, deidentified secondary data, it did not constitute human subjects research and therefore did not require institutional review board (IRB) approval.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not include individual details, images, or videos.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the CHIS study.
: There are no conflicts of interest/competing interests declared.
