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Article History

Received: 15 December 2022

Accepted: 27 March 2023

First Online: 9 April 2023

Declarations

:

: GA declares personal fees from Theramex, Amgen, BMS, Lilly, Fresenius Kabi and Galapagos. LC declares personal fees from UCB Pharma, Abiogen Pharma, Bruno Farmaceutici, Sandoz, Metagenics. DG has received honoraria as consultant for Eli-Lilly, Organon, MSD Italia. SG has received honoraria as consultant for UCB Pharma. SM has received honoraria as consultant for UCB, Eli-Lilly, Amgen. MLB has received (i) honoraria from Amgen, Bruno Farmaceutici, Calcilytix, Kyowa Kirin, UCB, (ii) grants and/or speaker: Abiogen, Alexion, Amgen, Bruno Farmaceutici, Echolight, Eli Lilly, Kyowa Kirin, SPA, Theramex, UCB Pharma, (iii) consultant: Alexion, Amolyt, Bruno Farmaceutici, Calcilytix, Kyowa Kirin, UCB Pharma. GC received research support from the European Community (EC), the Italian Agency of Drug (AIFA), and the Italian Ministry for University and Research (MIUR). He took part to a variety of projects that were funded by pharmaceutical companies (i.e., Novartis, GSK, Roche, AMGEN and BMS). He also received honoraria as member of Advisory Board from Roche. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were disclosed. MR declares personal fees from Amgen, ABBvie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Menarini, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, Theramex and UCB outside the submitted work. RM took part to a project funded by Abiogen Pharma. GI received honoraria as speaker by Eli-Lilly, Menarini, UCB Pharma. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at (available on request from the corresponding author) and declare no conflicts of interest.

: This research was done without patient involvement. Patients were not invited to comment on the study design and were not consulted to develop patient-relevant outcomes or interpret the results. Patients were not invited to contribute to the writing or editing of this document for readability or accuracy.

: No additional data is available.

: The lead author (the manuscript’s guarantor) affirms that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained.

: Informed consent was waived, as this study conducted a meta-analysis of anonymised data.