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Authors
Pan, Li-Hsin
Yeh, Chang-Ching
Yang, Shun-Jie
Yang, Chen-Chang
Hwu, Chii-Min
Chen, Harn-Shen
Wang, Fan-Fen
Huang, Chun-Jui https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7353-3578
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 109-2314-B-075-068)
National Science and Technology Council (110-2314-B-075-007)
National Science and Technology Council (111-2314-B-075-071)
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 112-2314-B-075-025)
National Science and Technology Council (112-2314-B-A49-081)
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Article History
Received: 25 December 2024
Accepted: 5 July 2025
First Online: 11 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board, Taipei Veterans General Hospital (IRB No. 2016-03-013 A).
: All participants in the study provided informed consent. Their privacy was upheld, and confidentiality was preserved throughout the data collection and management process.
