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Authors
Tahri, Dahman https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4820-5739
Liu, Ji https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5024-129X
Aziku, Millicent https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6778-4333
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shaanxi BNR Research Center for Teacher Education Innovation and Excellence (2025YZ-YZPT-10)
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Article History
Received: 20 April 2025
Revised: 26 December 2025
Accepted: 27 December 2025
First Online: 16 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was not required for this study as it did not involve human or animal subjects.
: All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its publication.
: None of the authors have any competing interests in the manuscript.
: The statistical codes used for data cleaning and analysis is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
