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The Effects of Integrating Visual Thinking Strategies on Intellectual Humility, Tolerance of Ambiguity, Empathy, and Observation Skills: A pre-post Study among Medical Students

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-026-02696-6

Published Online: 2026-03-13

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Ardenghi, Stefano https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7057-1269
Bani, Marco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6500-6513
Sisca, Elena Silvia

Russo, Selena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3024-3316
Rampoldi, Giulia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2908-2735
Zorzi, Federico https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1435-2501
Del Greco, Alexia

Strepparava, Maria Grazia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5068-8753
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-03-13

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Article History

Received: 15 September 2025

Accepted: 27 February 2026

First Online: 13 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of University of Milano-Bicocca (Protocol No. 793, 0379926/23). All participants in this study gave informed consent to participate.

: None.

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