Razza, Rachel A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7734-9505
Liu, Qingyang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4062-6764
Feng, Ruohan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1114-7924
Hao, Xin https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3463-8450
Kirkman, Kaylynn Alexa
Merrin, Gabriel J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1575-8258
Funding for this research was provided by:
Syracuse University (Syracuse University)
Article History
Accepted: 23 April 2025
First Online: 21 May 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All procedures followed a standard protocol approved by both the first author‘s university institutional review board and the philadelphia city school district research board.
: Passive parental consent was approved by the participant‘s legal guardians. Participants under the age of 17 also provided oral assent, and participants over the age of 18 provided written informed consent to participate.
: The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for their data to be summarized for publication.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.