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Article History

Received: 28 March 2023

Accepted: 12 August 2024

First Online: 16 September 2024

Declarations

:

: Alan Kivitz: Shareholder of Pfizer, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Gilead Sciences, Inc., and Novartis; paid consultant for AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Flexion, Janssen, Pfizer, Sanofi, Regeneron, Sun Pharma Advanced Research, and Gilead Sciences, Inc.; speaker and/or a member of speakers’ bureau for Celgene, Merck, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Flexion, and AbbVie. Jacques Eric Gottenberg: Received research grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, and Roche and speaking/consulting fees from AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, Sanofi, Roche, and UCB. Martin Bergman: Consultant, advisor, and member of speakers’ bureaus for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Genentech/Roche, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi/Regeneron; and a shareholder of Johnson and Johnson (parent company of Janssen). Chunfu Qiu and Hubert van Hoogstraten: Employees of Sanofi and may hold stock and/or stock options in the company. Ron de Nijs has nothing to disclose. Louis Bessette: Received research grants and speaker and consulting fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, and UCB.

: The study protocol was approved by the institutional review boards/ethics committees (IRBs/ECs), and each enrolled patient provided written informed consent. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles laid by the 18th World Medical Assembly (Helsinki, 1964) and all subsequent amendments.