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Article History

Received: 17 July 2024

Accepted: 17 September 2024

First Online: 10 October 2024

Declarations

:

: Jessica Marvel is an employee of Novartis Services Inc. Monia Steenackers, Chiara Perella, and Pushpendra Goswami are employees and shareholders of Novartis AG. Gayle Kenney was an employee and shareholder of Novartis AG at the time of this research. Elizabeth Gargon, Chloe Howse, Aishwarya Chohan, and Megan Mayhew are employees of Adelphi Values Ltd, a health outcomes agency who were paid by Novartis to conduct the research described in this manuscript. Nicola Williamson was an employee of Adelphi Values at the time of research and is now an employee and shareholder of UCB. Linda Stone has been a patient advocate representing Sjögren’s for Novartis and Servier. Benjamin Fisher has undertaken consultancy for Novartis, BMS, Servier, Galapagos, Roche, UCB, Sanofi, Janssen, Otsuka, Amgen, and AstraZeneca, and has received research funding from Janssen, Servier, Galapagos, Celgene, Novartis, and AstraZeneca.

: Ethical approval and oversight was provided by Salus Institutional Review Board in the USA and Reading Independent Ethics Committee in the UK. Approval notices (protocol number NO9433A) were received in December 2022. The study was performed and developed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments in line with Good Clinical Practice guidelines. All subjects provided informed consent to participate in the study.

: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available to protect participant confidentiality.