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Article History

Received: 27 January 2025

Accepted: 28 April 2025

First Online: 30 May 2025

Declarations

:

: Anca Askanase has received grants or contracts from Alumis, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cabaletta Bio, Idorsia, Nkarta, Sanofi, and UCB; consulting fees from AstraZeneca, GSK, and Novartis; and has participated on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Amgen and Janssen. Antonis Fanouriakis has received grants or contracts from AstraZeneca, and payment or honoraria from AstraZeneca and GSK. Lyra Agustin is an employee of AstraZeneca. Maria Dall’Era has nothing to disclose. Marta Mosca has received grants or contracts from GSK; consulting fees from AbbVie, AstraZeneca, BMS, and GSK; payment or honoraria from AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, and GSK; has participated on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Idorsia and Miltenyi Biotec; and has worked in a leadership or fiduciary role with EMA. Yoshiya Tanaka has received grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, Chugai Pharma, and Taisho Pharmaceutical, and speaker payment and/or honoraria from AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chugai Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead Sciences, GSK, Pfizer, Taisho Pharmaceutical, and UCB. Anca Askanase and Yoshiya Tanaka are Editorial Board members of Rheumatology and Therapy. Anca Askanase and Yoshiya Tanaka were not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.

: This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.