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Authors
Gossec, Laure https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4528-310X
Sellas, Agustí https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2812-2467
Gruben, David C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3516-5289
Valderrama, Mónica https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7863-5456
Gómez, Susana https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2763-9146
Kinch, Cassandra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2712-1668
Citera, Gustavo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3724-1874
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Pfizer
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Article History
Received: 24 June 2025
Accepted: 30 September 2025
First Online: 28 October 2025
Declarations
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: Laure Gossec has received grants or research support from AbbVie, Biogen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB; consulting fees from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, and UCB; honoraria for lectures from AbbVie, Amgen, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, Sandoz, and UCB; support for attending meetings and/or travel from MSD, Novartis, and Viatris; and has received medical writing support from AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer Inc, and UCB. Agustí Sellas has received support from Janssen and Novartis; honoraria for lectures from AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, and UCB; and has received support for attending meetings and/or travel from AbbVie and Eli Lilly. David C. Gruben and Mónica Valderrama are employees and stockholders of Pfizer Inc. Susana Gómez was an employee and stockholder of Pfizer Inc at the time of the analysis, and at her current institute (Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain) has received grant and/or research support from Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Galapagos, and Novartis. Cassandra Kinch was an employee and stockholder of Pfizer Inc at the time of the analysis, and is a current employee and stockholder of Stream Neuroscience Inc. Gustavo Citera has received grants and/or research support from AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Gema, Genzyme, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, and Sanofi Genzyme; and has acted as a consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Gema, Genzyme, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, and Sanofi Genzyme.
: Trials were conducted in accordance with the International Council for Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. The trial protocols/documentation were approved by the institutional review board or independent ethics committee at each site; details of all study sites have been previously published [ – ]. All patients provided written, informed consent.
