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Authors
Celletti, Eleonora
Di Penta, Myriam https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0532-3366
Ariani, Alarico
Parisi, Simone
Andracco, Romina
Raffeiner, Bernd
Ianniello, Aurora
Lo Gullo, Alberto
Molica Colella, Aldo Biagio
Priora, Marta
Paroli, Marino
Lumetti, Federica
Ravagnani, Viviana
Girelli, Francesco
Vitetta, Rosetta
Volpe, Alessandro
Scolieri, Palma
Bezzi, Alessandra
Ometto, Francesca
Visalli, Elisa
Farina, Antonella
Del Medico, Patrizia
Bravi, Elena
Colina, Matteo
Larosa, Maddalena
Serale, Francesca
Franchina, Veronica
Molica Colella, Francesco
Ferrero, Giulio
Sandri, Gilda
Addimanda, Olga
Reta, Massimo
Mascella, Fabio
Focherini, Maria Cristina
Fiorenza, Alessia
Rovera, Guido
Giampietro, Cecilia
Bernardi, Simone
Mansueto, Natalia
Camellino, Dario
Caccavale, Rosalba
Nucera, Valeria
Sabatini, Emanuela
Del Biondo, Pietro
Ditto, Maria Chiara
Platè, Ilaria
Adorni, Giuditta
Di Donato, Eleonora
Santilli, Daniele
Lucchini, Gianluca
Amato, Giorgio
De Lucia, Francesco
Dal Bosco, Ylenia
Foti, Roberta
Smerilli, Gianluca
Bianchi, Gerolamo
Foti, Rosario
Arrigoni, Eugenio
Marchetta, Antonio
Bixio, Riccardo
Bruzzese, Vincenzo
Fusaro, Enrico
Giuggioli, Dilia
Salvarani, Carlo
Cipollone, Francesco
Becciolini, Andrea
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alfasigma S.p.A
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Article History
Received: 20 June 2025
Accepted: 15 October 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
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: Alarico Ariani has received honoraria as a speaker and an advisory board member of Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer, Bruno Farmaceutici, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Zentiva. We would also like to note that Alarico Ariani’s new institutional affiliation is “Rheumatology Unit, AUSL Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola, AOU-IRCCS di Bologna, Bologna—Italy”; Francesca Serale’s new institutional affiliation is “Unit of Rheumatology, ASL VC Ospedale S. Andrea, Vercelli - Italy” and Alberto Lo Gullo’s new institutional affiliation is “Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Papardo, Messina - Italy” Federica Lumetti has received honoraria as an advisory board member of Amgen. Eleonora Celletti, Myriam Di Penta, Simone Parisi, Romina Andracco, Bernd Raffeiner, Aurora Ianniello, Alberto Lo Gullo, Aldo Biagio Molica Colella, Marta Priora, Marino Paroli, Viviana Ravagnani, Francesco Girelli, Rosetta Vitetta, Alessandro Volpe, Palma Scolieri, Alessandra Bezzi, Francesca Ometto, Elisa Visalli, Antonella Farina, Patrizia Del Medico, Elena Bravi, Matteo Colina, Maddalena Larosa, Francesca Serale, Veronica Franchina, Francesco Molica Colella, Giulio Ferrero, Gilda Sandri, Olga Addimanda, Massimo Reta, Fabio Mascella, Maria Cristina Focherini, Alessia Fiorenza, Guido Rovera, Cecilia Giampietro, Simone Bernardi, Natalia Mansueto, Dario Camellino, Rosalba Caccavale, Valeria Nucera, Emanuela Sabatini, Pietro Del Biondo, Maria Chiara Ditto, Ilaria Platè, Giuditta Adorni, Eleonora Di Donato, Daniele Santilli, Gianluca Lucchini, Giorgio Amato, Francesco De Lucia, Ylenia Dal Bosco, Roberta Foti, Gianluca Smerilli, Gerolamo Bianchi, Rosario Foti, Eugenio Arrigoni, Antonio Marchetta, Riccardo Bixio, Vincenzo Bruzzese, Enrico Fusaro, Dilia Giuggioli, Carlo Salvarani, Francesco Cipollone and Andrea Becciolini have nothing to disclose.
: The study was approved by the ethics committee of “ Comitato Etico dell’Area Vasta Emilia Nord ” (protocol code 34,713, approved on 28 August 2019) as well as by the ethics committees of the remaining 26 centers involved (see Supplementary Material, Table ) and was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later amendments, and good clinical practice guidelines. All participants provided written consent to participate in the study.
