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Credit risk prediction and heterogeneity analysis for SMEs based on large language models and multimodal data fusion

Published Online: 2025-12-26

Published Print: 2026-02

Authors

Shen, Chuanhe

Pan, Wenjing https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5185-1122
Shen, Xu
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Social Science Research Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (15YJA790051)

National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (17BGL058)

Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2022MG045)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-12-26

Version of Record valid from 2026-01-20
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Article History

Received: 11 September 2025

Accepted: 19 November 2025

First Online: 26 December 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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