Du, Jiajie https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0387-2996
Peng, Lu https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1618-1631
Li, Mingyuan https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9415-8277
Yang, Yanlin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6818-6516
Meng, Lei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-2954
Zhao, Haixing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-1603
Ye, Zhonglin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2429-3325
Wang, Yonghang https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9891-400X
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFC1523300)
Key R&D and Transformation Program of Qinghai Province (2025-QY-215)
Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai Province (2025-ZJ-994M)
Self-research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Intelligent Information Processing and Application (2024-SKL-001)
111 Project (D20035)
Major Research Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (92470202)
Article History
Received: 9 July 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: We affirm that all data used in this study were obtained following ethical guidelines and with informed consent from participants.