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Article History

Accepted: 17 November 2024

First Online: 11 December 2024

Declarations

:

: Open Access funding was provided by the University of Helsinki (including Helsinki University Central Hospital).

: Sini Kuitunen, Mari Saksa and Anna-Riia Holmström have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.

: The data were collected for organisational quality improvement purposes in Helsinki University Hospital, which approved the study. According to the Finnish National Board on Research Integrity (TENK), ethical approval is not required for the present retrospective register-based study. The study employed anonymous error reporting system data, with no possibility of linking the results to specific individuals, such as patients or employees. The research material was handled and stored confidentially so that only the members of the research group who signed the confidentiality and data protection agreement had access to it.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The datasets analysed during the current study are not publicly available. Access to them needs to be separately negotiated with the organisation (Helsinki University Hospital, HUS) that owns them.

: Not applicable.

: SK, MS and ARH conceived the study; SK collected the medication safety incident data; SK and MS formed the study sample and analysed the data; SK, MS and A-RH analysed and interpreted the data; SK and A-RH drafted the manuscript, and all authors revised and approved the submitted manuscript.