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Article History

Accepted: 7 April 2025

First Online: 16 April 2025

Declarations

:

: This work was supported by the Young and Middle-aged Talent Cultivation Projects of Fujian Province, China [grant number 2024GGB27], the Young and Middle-aged Talent Cultivation Projects of Xiamen city, China [grant number 2024GZL-GG10], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 82304629], Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 2024 J08304], and the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen, China [grant number 3502Z202371048].

: Zhenzhen Chen, Qingqing Lv, Shiteng Lin, Wanlong Lin, and Wei Zhuang have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.

: The data utilized in this study are derived from publicly available GWAS summary data. This research has been conducted using publicly available summary statistics. All original studies have been approved by the corresponding ethical review boards, and the participants have provided informed consent. In addition, no individual-level data were used in this study. Therefore, no new ethical review board approval was required. Our study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The GWAS summary data used in this study are sourced from publicly available online platforms, including the FinnGen database (), the GWAS catalog (), and the IEU database ().

: The code is available from the corresponding author.

: The first draft of the manuscript was written by ZC. Data collection and analysis were performed by QL. SL participated in the data analysis. WZ designed this study and supported this study. WL designed the study and revised the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and read and approved the final manuscript.