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Article History

Accepted: 12 May 2025

First Online: 16 June 2025

Declarations

:

: The Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health conducts contract research projects for public health in Shizuoka Prefecture, including the current study. Shizuoka Prefecture provided funding for this work. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection or analysis, publication decisions, or manuscript preparation.

: The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

: The Ethics Committee of the Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health approved the study protocol (no. SGUPH_2021_001_070).

: The Medical Ethics Committee of Shizuoka Graduate School of Public Health in Shizuoka Japan waived the requirement for informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: According to Shizuoka Prefecture’s data use agreement with local insurers, readers cannot access the data analyzed. Researchers interested in accessing this dataset may submit an application to Shizuoka Prefecture to request access. Please contact the staff of Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health (email: info@s-sph.ac.jp).

: Not applicable.

: R.H. performed the statistical analysis. R.H., E.N., and A.S. interpreted the data. R.H. wrote the draft of the manuscript. R.H., E.N., H.K., H.O., H.H., N.K., and A.S. contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.