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Article History

Received: 4 February 2025

Revised: 22 July 2025

Accepted: 25 July 2025

First Online: 3 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was carried out following the approval of National Institute of Mental Health and Charles University and following the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. If a photograph taken for the test set contained a recognisable face, we obtained a signed written consent of the person in the picture (in his/her native language) to use it in the experiment and publication.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The study was not preregistered because it is part of an approved state grant project (see Funding). The proposed experiments and hypotheses were approved by an expert committee as part of the project design, and the progress of the project was reported annually.