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Authors
Tian, Bo
Xu, Hui
Bian, Yunfei
Li, Xiongfei
He, Sha
Bo, Changwen
Zheng, Zheng
Zhang, Zunhao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hebei Province ((NO.20221409))
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Article History
Received: 16 July 2025
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 16 October 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: The current study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association and approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University (No. 20200608). A waiver of consent was granted for retrospective anonymized data analysis as per institutional ethics committee guidelines.
: Not applicable.
