Razzaq, Syeda Saima https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1867-9034
Khan, Irfan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-7836
Muneer, Rabbia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8223-8212
Salim, Asmat https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-0458
Haneef, Kanwal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4725-4281
Funding for this research was provided by:
Higher Education Commision, Pakistan (520-148390-2BS6-011)
Article History
Received: 15 January 2025
Revised: 3 July 2025
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 30 October 2025
Declarations
:
: This research study was approved by the institutional bioethical committee of the University of Karachi (protocol #: IBC KU-92/2020).
: All participants provided written informed consent to the respective use of their cord tissues.
: The authors declare no competing interests.