Updates are available Correction dated 2025-10-09

Article History

Accepted: 6 March 2025

First Online: 4 April 2025

Change Date: 4 October 2025

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: In the original online published article, in section ‘Mitigation of teacher relativism’, paragraph ‘Epistemic Cluelessness’, the following sentence is missing:

Change Details: “In general, if students lack a clear idea of how truth can – at least in principle – be established in philosophical issues, and if they are not provided with such an idea, this may foster the impression that in philosophy, a search for truth is futile.”

Change Details: The corrected passage reads:

Change Details: “It is easy to imagine that the lack of such an idea is a major cause why they will think that in the end, there is no ‘objective’ answer to the question. In general, if students lack a clear idea of how truth can – at least in principle – be established in philosophical issues, and if they are not provided with such an idea, this may foster the impression that in philosophy, a search for truth is futile. Moreover, since students often seem to mix up basic epistemic distinctions, including the distinction between truth, certainty, and knowability, epistemic cluelessness may lead to the idea that in philosophy, there is no (‘objective’) truth. …”

Change Date: 9 October 2025

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40889-025-00228-1

Declarations

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: The author states that there is no conflict of interest.