Ni, Ran
Liu, Chengyu
Meng, Miaomiao
Wu, Zheng
Ren, Zhiyuan
Li, Guoyi
Zhang, Chunpeng
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2024QD044)
the Core Business Special Project for Seismic Monitoring and Early Warning of China Earthquake Administration (CEA-JCYJ-202501039)
General Scientific Research Projects of Shandong Earthquake Agency (YB2017)
Article History
Received: 27 April 2025
Accepted: 11 December 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable, Ethics approval was not required for this research.
: All authors agreed to publish