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Authors
Song, Qiyu
Zhang, Mengxi
Javadi, Akbar A.
Huang, Ao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52078286)
Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co. Ltd. (2022-SK-01-5)
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Article History
Received: 13 October 2025
Revised: 19 December 2025
Accepted: 19 January 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
