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Article History

Received: 17 June 2025

Accepted: 9 September 2025

First Online: 27 September 2025

Declarations

:

: Nirupama Putcha has served on advisory boards for Verona Pharma and AstraZeneca. Diego J. Maselli has served on consulting/advisory boards for GSK, AstraZeneca, Amgen, Sanofi/Regeneron, Insmed, and Verona Pharma; and has received speaker fees from GSK, AstraZeneca, Amgen, and Sanofi/Regeneron. Jessica Bon has received grant funding from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); has served on consulting/advisory boards for GSK, Sanofi/Regeneron, Verona Pharma, and Chiesi; and has received speaker fees from GSK and Sanofi/Regeneron. Michael G. Lester has served on consulting/advisory boards for Ryme Medical, Galvanize Therapeutics, and Verona Pharma. M. Bradley Drummond has served on consulting/advisory boards for GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Verona, Genentech, Stratos Inc, Takeda, and Amgen and has received grant funding from National Institute of Health-NHLBI, Boehringer Ingelheim, Midmark, Teva and the American Lung Association.

: Given that this article is based on previously conducted studies and does not report any new research involving human participants or animals performed by any of the authors, there is no ethical compliance to declare.