Document is current

Article History

Received: 12 August 2025

Accepted: 1 October 2025

First Online: 14 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Timothy Aksamit was involved in clinical trial design and participation with AstraZeneca, Insmed Incorporated, Johnson & Johnson, Redhill Biopharma, Spero Therapeutics, and Zambon. He has worked with Hillrom and RespirTech and served as medical director of Bronchiectasis and NTM 360 for the COPD Foundation. No personal or research monies were received. All support has gone to the Mayo Foundation for medical research and education. Catherine Waweru, Ping Wang, and Leona Markson are employees and shareholders of Insmed Incorporated. Emily Welch is an employee of Panalgo, a paid consultant for Insmed Incorporated. Elsie Divinagracia was an employee of Panalgo, a paid consultant for Insmed Incorporated, at the time of the study.

: No patients were enrolled, and no human tissue samples were collected or used. Because the study did not involve the collection, use, or transmittal of individually identifiable data, institutional review board approval was not required, and the study was considered exempt according to 45CFR46.101(b)(4): Existing Data and Specimens—No Identifiers. Ethics approval was not required because this was a retrospective database study using deidentified data.