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Authors
Patel, Amit
Shanbhag, Priyanka P.
Evans, Destri R.
Hayes, Kyle
Panaccio, Mary P.
Purcell, Johanna
Wan, George J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1140-740X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals
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Article History
Received: 1 December 2025
Accepted: 7 January 2026
First Online: 8 February 2026
Declarations
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: Amit Patel, Priyanka Shanbhag, and Destri Evans are employees of Indegene, Inc., are paid consultants for this study, and declare that they have no other conflicts of interest. Kyle Hayes, Johanna Purcell, and George J. Wan are employees of Keenova Therapeutics, affiliated with Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals and declare that they have no other conflicts of interest. Mary Panaccio is a paid consultant for this study and declares that she has no other conflicts of interest.
: This study used preexisting fully deidentified data, with no direct involvement of human subjects or access to identifiable private information. Based on the authors’ determination and in accordance with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (45 CFR 46.102) and FDA (21 CFR 56.102) regulations, this work does not meet the definition of human subjects research. Therefore, approval from an institutional review board or ethics committee was not required.
