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The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS): Psychometric Evaluation Among Managers Reveals Two Novel Subscales and Suboptimal Performance of the Shortened Three-Item Version (SWLS 3)

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41042-026-00294-w

Published Online: 2026-05-12

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Ali, Amira Mohammed

Al-Dossary, Saeed A.

Laranjeira, Carlos

Zoromba, Mohamed Ali

Yıldırım, Murat

Hallit, Souheil

Fekih-Romdhane, Feten

Ayed, Ahmed

Alamer, Rasmieh

Khatatbeh, Haitham

Alkhamees, Abdulmajeed A

El-Gazar, Heba Emad

Atalla, Amal Diab Ghanem
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Instituto Politécnico de Leiria
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-05-12

Version of Record valid from 2026-05-12
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Article History

Received: 24 September 2025

Accepted: 22 April 2026

First Online: 12 May 2026

Declarations

:

: This study is a secondary analysis of a public data set. Because we did not interact with respondents in any way (i.e., there is no possibility of violating subjects’ rights), no ethical approval has been obtained in the present study.

: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the original study that collected the data (Rzeszutek et al., ).

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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