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Authors
Nisa, Ume
Pozi, Muhammad Syafiq Mohd
Saip, Mohamed Ali
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Utara Malaysia
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Article History
Received: 21 November 2024
Accepted: 16 July 2025
First Online: 11 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
: We declare that the content of this paper is original work and has not been previously published. Furthermore, it is not currently under consideration for publication elsewhere. We consent to its submission to this journal.
