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Authors
Wang, Xiaoyang
Liu, Wenfeng
Yang, Yuzhen
Gao, Yaling
Du, Qiaoqiao
Bao, Longqing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the 14th Five-Year Plan Project of Shandong Provincial Education Science (2023ZC134)
the Heze City Science and Technology Development Plan (KJTPY202310)
the Social Science Planning Project of Heze (ZZ-2024-15)
the Artificial Intelligence Education Research Funding Project of Shandong Province (SDDJ202501006)
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Article History
Received: 24 March 2025
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 2 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
