Xuan, Yui Chee
Nawi, Rosmamalmi Mat
Noah, Shahrul Azman Mohd
Mahdin, Hairulnizam
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) from Malaysia Ministry of Higher Education (FRGS/1/2022/ICT02/UTHM/03/3)
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (Transformative Agreement (TA) between Spinger Nature and Malaysia Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE))
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Article History
Received: 22 July 2025
Accepted: 22 November 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.