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Article History

Received: 26 January 2025

Accepted: 1 March 2025

First Online: 17 March 2025

Declarations

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: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. This Declaration of Interest Statement accurately represents any potential conflicts of interest related to the publication, and we have followed the guidelines set by the Innovative Infrastructure Solutions. The article is based on effect of steel fiber and coal ash on the properties of dense bituminous macadam mixes of Indian Roads Congress Grading II.

: Not applicable. This study did not involve human participants, animals, or data requiring ethical approval.

: We declare that this manuscript is original, has not been published before, and is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere. If accepted, it will not be published elsewhere. We are not aware of any conflicts of interest associated with this publication.

: Formal consent is not required for this type of study.