Document is current

Article History

Received: 26 March 2025

Accepted: 22 August 2025

First Online: 6 September 2025

Declarations

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: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.Ethical Approval and Informed Consent.This study was conducted in the laboratory of Tarbiat Modares University of Iran on a flume. All experiments and related procedures were carried out in accordance with standard guidelines and ethical regulations. As the study was performed in a laboratory setting without direct involvement of human subjects in data collection, obtaining informed consent from participants was not required. Nevertheless, all experimental processes were conducted in compliance with ethical and scientific principles, and have been approved by the relevant committee. The authors declare that all methods used in this research adhere to the applicable research ethics standards and regulations. Supporting documents and ethical approval certificates from the university’s committee are available upon request.