Ali, Muhammad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4888-2570
Mirza, Olivia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-048X
Camille, Christophe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4509
Mashiri, Fidelis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2769-7026
Article History
Received: 24 July 2025
Accepted: 30 October 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
:
: This study did not involve human or animal subjects and therefore does not require ethical approval.
: All authors have contributed to and approved the final manuscript for submission.
: All authors consent to the publication of this manuscript in “Innovative Infrastructure Solutions”.